It's not strange, it's just an other Problem.
As i described, its not the already known Issue with
Certificates and the Mail Security , its a Problem with the
Filesystem Security. Importing the MailShield Certificates
doesn't change anything.
I can't recognize the combination of OS/Avast/32/64/other
Programs yet, which results in this Issue, but I think
about 30% of the Windows PCs with Thunderbird installed
have this Problem.
Anyway, thanks for your suggestion