Well, here's something interesting. Yesterday afternoon, not long after I posted the reply above, I noticed the disk was full again. The only way to delete the file, which was in the same directory as listed above, was to close Outlook 2007 and end the "OUTLOOK.EXE * 32" process as I did before. Also, I didn't have Outlook running last night and the Avast scan seemed to finish correctly, and didn't create the disk-filling temp file.
So, it really seems like Outlook is some type of culprit in this situation. I have no idea why, but if anyone has other suggestions (besides uninstalling Outlook) to deal with this? Thanks again.