I'm not at all knowledgeable about rule-based firewalls, especially if you may have imported a rules-set from somewhere, but you need to make sure that "aswUpdSv.exe" is an allowed application.
With a program updated it is possible that the update file has changed slightly, I don't know, but if re-allowing it allows it to update normally, that would probably be the answer.
On my computer database updates seem to occur about twice a day. Automatically. I have it set to check every 60minutes.