Is the speed difference that you're talking about only related to internet browsing speeds (that's what I'm taking it as, because you're listing modem and ISP)?
I guess if you ran a different browser on the systems, that could make a difference. Of course the new Vista machine could have better networking stacks built-in, faster bus, the larger L2 cache as you mentioned certainly helps. But there are others, graphics card differences, memory controller differences, hard drive speeds and cache. I don't know, all in all, what you state should be the norm.
Newer computer, faster speeds. Should make sense, right?